Split Lighting – Light coming from one direction, splitting the face in half and half.
Broad Lighting – The light is coming from the left with the subjects face looking to the opposite directon giving the broad face a bigger purpose in the photo.
Short Lighting – The light is on the left with the subject facing more towards the light creating a shadow on the left side of the subjects face.
Rembrandt – The light is higher up pointing down to create a triangle of light under the subjects left eye.
Butterfly Lighting – Creates a catchlight in the subjects eyes and the light is taken from above right in front of the subject, creating a shadow under the nose of the subject.